Harriet Tubman was one of the most courageous and determined leaders in American history. Born into slavery in Maryland around 1822, she experienced a harsh and difficult life. Enslaved people were treated cruelly, and Harriet suffered severe beatings from a young age. Despite these hardships, she remained strong and determined to be free.

 

In 1849, Harriet escaped from slavery, making a dangerous journey to the North. However, instead of staying safe, she chose to risk her life by returning to the South multiple times to help others escape. She became a conductor on the Underground Railroad, a secret network of safe houses and routes that helped enslaved people reach freedom. Harriet led over 70 people to freedom, including members of her own family. She was given the nickname "Moses" because she never lost a single person on her journeys. She used smart strategies, such as traveling at night, using disguises, and carrying a gun to protect herself and others.

 

When the Civil War began in 1861, Harriet Tubman continued her fight for freedom by helping the Union Army. She worked as a nurse, a spy, and a scout. She gathered information about Confederate troop movements and even led a military raid in South Carolina that freed over 700 enslaved people. Her bravery and leadership made a huge impact during the war.

 

After the war, Harriet Tubman dedicated her life to helping others. She worked to support formerly enslaved people by providing housing and food for those in need. She was also involved in the women’s rights movement, fighting for equal rights and the right to vote. Later in her life, she opened a home for elderly African Americans who had no place to go.

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Sources:

1. National Park Service – Harriet Tubman

2. Library of Congress – Harriet Tubman

3. History.com – Harriet Tubman: 

4. National Women's History Museum: 

5. Smithsonian Magazine – Harriet Tubman’s Legacy